Drought is one of the most prevalent forms of abiotic environmental stress that reduce crop productivity. A pot experiment was performed in two ‘aman’ seasons under drought (40% FC) and control (100% FC) to study drought tolerance mechanism(s) based on morphological and dry matter partitioning in six rice genotypes. Twelve treatments (6 genotypes × 2 irrigations) were arranged in CRD and experiment was carried out at Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Important morphological and DM data were significantly (P>0.05) decreased at 40% FC. Tolerant genotypes had smaller reduction in shoot and root DM (av. 7.73 and 5.56 %, respectively) than sensitive ones (av. 19.32 and 21.80%, respectively). Low reduction percentages of the traits under drought stress to that of the control discriminated Binadhan-13 and NERICA mutant genotypes consistently as drought tolerant. Important drought tolerance mechanism was higher root and shoot ration.
The main goal of the distribution network is to provide electrical energy to its consumers in a reputable and economical way, whereas, consumers are located widely outspread and attached to the secondary distribution with various devices. These devices typically have numerous categories and consisted of resistance-reactance together create the excessive power losses resulting in overall reduction in reliability of power network. Reduction of real and reactive power losses simultaneously can be achieved, if the optimal location and capacity of both distributed generations (DGs) and shunt connected capacitors (SCCs) are allotted in the distribution network. Therefore, this paper presents improved decomposition-based evolutionary algorithm (I-DBEA), for optimizing both DG and SCC rating and capacity in order to minimize simultaneously real and reactive losses. Furthermore, I-DBEA has been incorporated along with the epsilon constraint handling technique run independently several times to find the feasible compromise solution of DGs and SCCs allocation within specified constraints. Hyper volume indicator technique has applied for the selection of best Pareto Front of uniformly distributed non-dominated solutions. For the validation of the proposed algorithm, 33, 69 and 119-bus standard IEEE distribution systems are adapted. Finally, output results of I-DBEA technique are compared with recent optimization approaches, and the comparison illustrates that I-DBEA method has the capability to find the global optimum solution of simultaneous DGs and SCCs allocation.