In this research article, we attempted to synthesize some new isatin derivatives, 3-((4-(arylideneamino)phenyl)imino)indolin-2-ones (2a-2g) by Schiff\'s base reaction under microwave technique. The structural characterizations of synthesized compounds were done by using different analytical techniques such as IR, 1HNMR, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. We aim to develop new compounds with improved antimycobacterial activities. These title compounds were screened for their antimycobacterial activity against the Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain by using the microplate Alamar blue dye assay (MABA) method. All title compounds showed significant antimycobacterial activity. Compound 2g was found most potent compound with a MIC value of 6.25 µg/mL among all tested compounds when compared with standard drugs streptomycin (6.25µg/mL) and isoniazid (6.25 µg/mL).

Insufficient insulin production results in hyperglycemia, a metabolic disorder known as diabetes mellitus (DM). The medical establishment still struggles to treat DM effectively and without side effects. As a result, there is an increase in demand for natural remedies with antidiabetic properties and few negative effects. The plant Syzygium cumini, which is used in traditional herbal medicine, is thought to have a variety of pharmacological properties. It also contains various additional chemical components in addition to terpenoids, tannins, anthocyanins, flavonoids, and other phenolic compounds. It has been hypothesized that S. cumini has antidiabetic characteristics because of the plant\'s high polyphenol and flavonoid content. The main aim of the current study was In silico test of the antidiabetic effects of various polyphenol-rich compounds such as anthocyanin (1), delphinidin (2), malvidin (3), petunidin (4), ellagic acid (5), gallic acid (6), myricetin (7), kaempherol (8), quercetin (9), betulinic acid (10), caffeic acid (11) and ferulic acid (12) from S. cumini against many targets related with DM to investigate the antidiabetic effect and prediction of the binding mode using molecular docking studies. These phytochemicals were chosen using computational techniques, and their ability to inhibit α-amylase was tested. These phytoconstituents have shown a lower α-amylase inhibitory activity capacity than voglibose. These phytochemicals additionally showed high binding energies, hydrogen bonds, and protein-ligand interactions. Additionally, these phytoconstituents\' ADMET characteristics met the safety requirements. As a result, S. cumini might be effective in the treatment of DM. The possible bioactive compounds discovered in this study could be used to develop diabetes-led medications. Serum levels of triglycerides and total cholesterol were also markedly decreased. The findings suggest that S. cumini may have pharmacological promise as a natural antidiabetic drug. The design and development of powerful, multi-functional candidate medications with few side effects for DM treatments can make use of this information.

Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is the major health crisis in the world. World Health Organization has declared COVID-19 as a global pandemic. There are no effective drugs to treat COVID-19 infection. Some drugs include remdesivir, umifenovir, favipiravir, lopinavir/ ritonavir, ribavirin, hydroxychloroquine, etc are used to treat this disease. There is an urgent need for public health measures to implement preventive approaches to control severe COVID-19 disease. Justica adhatoda is a well-known plant drug in Ayurvedic and Unani medicines. Various phytochemical constituents have been isolated from J. adhatoda which possesses activities like antitussive, abortifacient, antimicrobial, cardiovascular protection, anticholinesterase, anti-inflammatory and other important activities. The alkaloids from leaf extracts of J. adhatoda possess anti-viral activity. Molecular docking interaction study against 6W63 showed that molecule 4d showed maximum docking interaction with dock score of (-) 8.1 kcal/mol. MD simulation data reflected the stable ligand-receptor interaction. Maximum and minimum energy gap were showed by 7 and 4d, respectively. The order of stability of the synthesized molecules were 4d>2>3>5>4c>4a>4b>1>6>7. The order of ionization potential and electron affinity of the synthesized molecules were 3>4c>4b>4a>1>6>7>4d>5>2. These data confirmed that molecule 4d would be a boon for society.

The present study evaluated the toxic effect of smokeless tobacco product extract (STPE) in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) on various body organs in albino Wistar rats. The toxicities of orally administered STPE were studied at the dose of 500, 1000 and 1500 mg/kg body weight, respectively, and the control group contained 1 ml/kg of normal saline in albino rats for 28 days. Acute toxicity was studied in albino rats by orally administering a single dose of STPE at 2000 mg/kg. The results showed that the relative organ weight of the liver, stomach, and spleen was found to increase significantly (p<0.05) in comparison to the control group. From a hematological study, it was observed that white blood cells (WBC) count was increased significantly (p < 0.05) with all three doses, but red blood cell (RBC) count remained unchanged. The biochemical parameter revealed a significant increase in serum alanine transaminase (ALT) level, blood glucose, and cholesterol level. Histopathological results suggested that administration of STPE caused damage to the liver and stomach. There was no significant change in behavior and mortality during the 14-day observation period. In conclusion, short term consumption of STPE caused gastritis in stomach and liver cell damage, hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia and immunotoxicity. A further long-term study is required to unveil all the risk factors associated with STPE consumption.

This is an extremely rare complicated presentation of acute appendicitis perforation, which was accompanied by an intra-abdominal hemorrhage from an ileocolic vessel. A 61-year-old man visited an emergency department complaining of abdominal pain. Tenderness & rebound tenderness at the right lower quadrant and muscle guarding were noticed. Computed tomography showed perforated appendicitis with peritonitis. Also, an intra-abdominal hemorrhage of the ileocolic vessel was suggested. An emergent laparoscopic exploration was performed and found a gangrenous retrocecal appendix, peri-lesional adhesion, and substantial hematoma. Finally, a partial cecectomy was performed. A pathologic test confirmed the acute gangrenous appendicitis. Physicians should be aware that appendicitis could complicate an intra-abdominal hemorrhage even though it is extremely rare.ackground.

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Wild) is pseudocereal, drought resistant, low input requiring and medicinally value able with superior nutritional profile as compared to common cereals. It’s time requirement to obtain maximum yield of quinoa under rain fed conditions with balance amount of nutrient. Experiment was conducted to evaluate nitrogen (N) levels viz 55, 65 75, 85, 95kgha-1 and seed priming techniques water soaking, K2HPO4, K2SO4 and CaSO4 (2%) seeds for 12 hours used to find out effects on yield of quinoa. The maximum plant height (66.133cm) and number of branches (5.667) was observed with N 95kgha-1. Leaf area plant-1 from 0 to N85 kgha-1 was increased gradually but later on decreased. Dry matter accumulation with increase in N level, but up to 85 kgha-1dry matter accumulation was decreased. Highest dry matter accumulation and harvest index 66.6g plant-1 17.31% respectively were calculated with N 85kgha-1. Highest crop growth rate (13.7gm-2 day-1) was achieved with N 85kgha-1. The highest 1000-grain weight (5.6g) was measured with 85kgha-1. Maximum grain yield (9.43g plant-1) was also recorded in N 85kgha-1. Total biomass increased from 0 to N85 kgha-1, but decreased up to 85kg ha-1. Seed priming with K2SO4, 2% showed that harvest index (%), crop growth rate (g m-2 day-1), 1000 grain weight and grain yield were relatively closer to the results of seeds primed with K2HPO4, 2% solution soaking of seed for 12 hours. Nitrogen 85kg ha-1 and priming of seeds with CaSO4, were better dose for the growth and yield parameters in rain fed agrocecolgical condtions.

Nowadays, more than 650,000 stroke survivors needed further therapy and treatment related to mild or severe relief caused by stroke. Defects that cause stroke lesions, require more serious and longer handling and will be very burdensome for patients and health insurance. Acupuncture method in the head SCALP were known to be relate to the function of the cerebral cortex known as Zhu\'s Scalp Acupuncture. Stimulation on this point was believed can open blood vessels, and provide better blood flow so it could improve repair in stroke patient. This research aimed to prove the effectivity of needle sticking on SCALP in order to strengthen limb muscle in stroke patients. This research used a quasi-experimental design, pretest-posttest without control group. The subjects of this study were stroke patients who were in the recovery phase (after the critical period had passed) and who had an stroke attack less than 1 year. Sampling method of this study was consecutive sampling, namely recovery post stroke patients who were hospitalized or outpatient of all over hospitals in Palembang, Indonesia. In this study needle pricking was performed in the cerebral motor cortex which is located in the anterior central sulcus. Stimulation is done 10 times for 2 weeks. Assessment of muscle strength in the upper and lower limbs was performed using Manual Muscle Testing (MMT) measurement before and after therapy. Analysis of muscle strength before and after cerebral cortex stimulation through needle pricking on the SCALP of the head were analyzed by t-test dependent using SPSS 18. Data was displayed in tabular form, with a significance of p <0.05. Subjects of this study were 8 people consisting of 4 men (50%) and 4 female patients (50%) who had passed the critical stroke and were in the recovery phase within a period of recovery less than 1 year after stroke attack. The number of subjects who experienced improvement in joint motion of each joint was much greater than the frequency of the number of subjects who had no improvement. About 90 percent of the study subjects felt improvement in joint motion of each joint. The improvement in muscle strength score almost doubled after being treated with SCALP acupuncture better than before treatment. from this research, it can conclude that SCALP acupuncture technique was effective in improving muscle strength of motion limbs on stroke patients

The PM FAO evapotranspiration equation is used worldwide as the basic reference evapotranspiration equation. The purpose of this study was to calibrate parameter values (as and bs) of the Angstrom’s radiation model used in the PM FAO evapotranspiration equation for a humid temperate region in western Japan. To optimize the coefficients of Angstrom’s radiation model, the measured solar radiation. The optimized as and bs values were 0.152 and 0.657, respectively. RMSE, AE and RE values for the original angstrom’s radiation model and resulted evapotranspiration rate for a young Faba bean field using PM FAO evapotranspiration equation were decreased after local calibration. The GMER values for the original models showed that Angstrom’s radiation model overestimated the Rs values and resulted PM FAO equation underestimated the ET0 values.

In this paper the author experimentally checks whether students will be any better in separating relevant from irrelevant (SRI) teaching contents in an experimental design in relation to the traditional teaching process. The experiment implies introducing interactive learning, role play – games and student self-assessment into the teaching process. The following questions were tested by using a battery of eight instruments: (a) Will students of the experimental group (E) be any better in separating the relevant from the irrelevant than the students of the control group (C), (b) Which competences do students value the most relevant and (c) Are persistent students engaged in the teaching process more? It turned out that the E-group students caught up with and overcame the C-group students in separating the relevant from the irrelevant even though the latter had initially been significantly better in this respect. Due to personal engagement in the teaching process, the E-group students eventually attributed the greatest value to work-action competences. It also turned out that persistent students were more engaged in the teaching process in both groups. Finally, the author indicates that there are certain limitations of this paper, but those are challenges for future research.

The study of landslides in the Inaouene watershed (northeastern Morocco) provides information on the relationships between landslides and morpho-structural analysis. Landslides that affect part of the slopes and slopes of the valley. The configuration of this relationship is controlled by the combination of several predisposing factors. Two localities were studied, located in similar morphostructural contexts, but characterized by different lithology. The first determining factor was lithology, in particular the dominance of friable geological formations, especially marls in the locality of Chebabate and limestone soft formations in the locality of Tahla. The second factor was the tectonics, which is well, individualised in the limestone of Tahla, in spite of friable lithology of the marls of Chebabate one manages to disturb traces of the tectonics notably with the level of intercalation of the sandstone benches. Another factor that controls the dissection and the evolution of the landslides is the precipitation by the effect of abundance of the water of impregnation in the formations. The fieldwork is devoted to the measurement of the different faults encountered in the two localities to make the stereographic projection in order to elaborate canvas. Whose objective is to find the relation between the evolution of the risks of erosion and landslide as well as the various factors, who control their spatio-temporal evolution. The results obtained will help managers and decision-makers in the development of watersheds in order to take the necessary steps to reduce the negative impact of this natural hazard on the environment, the population and their property.

Purpose – Underdeveloped along with developing countries face enough crisis of human resources in High-tech Industries. As a result, the amount of waste is higher along with less productivity. Highly qualified and smart employees are required as the term “Industry 4.0” introduces a lot of sophisticated and complex technologies that dominates productivity. But in those countries, to cope up with this terminology; neither the educational curriculum and method of teaching has been modified or changed yet nor will be modified soon. So, the Engineering students should be introduced with the aims and technologies of Industry 4.0 and its key technologies so that they can prepare themselves as highly skilled and qualified human resources besides academic courses.\nDesign/Methodology/Approach - This article mainly depicts the causes of poor technical skills of the engineering students of Bangladesh and a new learning process has been proposed. The model proposed is basically inspired by Kaizen philosophy consisting of initiation, sharing and implementation cycles. The key aspects of human resource quality and the possibility of gaining innovative human resources for smart industries are given equal priority here. The prime factors to evaluate any learning outcome is quality and this research is a structured guideline to achieve sustainable quality education needed for “Industry 4.0” to engineering students.\nFindings – This paper provides statistical analysis on ‘Fitness of undergraduate engineering students for Industry 4.0’. After applying the proposed methodology on 130 students from different public engineering institutes of Bangladesh, the significant improvement of effectiveness in learning various topics of ‘Industry 4.0’ besides academic studies has justified the method to be a successful one measuring by the criteria for fitness of human resource. This research aims to clarify the sustainable and work-based learning goals and methods for STEM students and professional courses.\nImplications – This is a research where the proposed methodology was applied upon academically enrolled engineering students and the result was very satisfactory. A sustainable learning strategy for developing professional skills from academic life can result in better productivity at the beginning of a career. However, this methodology can be applied for job holders or professionals besides their office hours thus it is the future scope of this research methodology.\nOriginality/Value – This research represents the crucial factors related to technical education and skill development for the upcoming challenges and possible remedies needed for Industry 4.0. Therefore, students should become aware of their carrier challenges and the administration concerned for education to minimize the scarcity of skilled human resources needed for the 4th Industrial revolution.

Introduction : Bone healing after a fracture is a special form of wound-healing. The Teriparatide Hormone (Fig. 1) is a synthetic molecule which has the first 34 fragments of the biological human parathyroid hormone and hence retains most of the biochemical activities of the human PTH. When teriparatide is intermittently administered it has similar anabolic effects of PTH that stimulate bone formation and activate bone remodeling [1, 3] enhancing the micro-architecture of the trabecular and cortical bone [4]. Teriparatide is the only anabolic molecule used in osteoporosis which had an approval by the Food and Drug Administration [5]. Aim of the study: To study the role of injection Teriperatide in fracture healing in elderly patients. Method: It is a Prospective- observational study. Conducted in Sri Ramachandra Institute Of Higher Education And Research (SRIHER), Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu. Duration of study is from October 2017 to October 2019. Sample size is total 50 (25 cases and 25 controls). Basic blood investigation were obtained. After taking patient concent injection Teriparatide was administered subcutaneously over lateral aspect of thigh. Serial xray radiograph was obtained at immediate post injection, 6 weeks, 3rd and 6th months. Presence of osteoporosis was assessed using SINGH INDEX Callus formed were quantified as follows, at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months post-operatively, 2pi r1(r2-r1)L (Fig. 4).The primary endpoint of fracture healing was taken as the time of cortical bridging in three of four cortices. Result: On statistical analysis, callus formation at 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months in cases group (group 1) was found to be highly significant factor (P- value of <0.001) in our study compare to control group (group 2). out of 25 cases, 15 cases (60%) had osteoporosis (which include osteopenic patients also) and out of 25 controls 15 controls (60%) had osteoporosis (which include osteopenic patients also) measured by Singh index (Fig. 15-16). 7 cases had nausea (28%), 2 cases had vomiting (8%), 5 cases had induration (33%) and 3 cases had headache (12%) as an complications in our study.Conclusion: PTH (1–34) is one of the new and potent bone anabolic drug. Teriparatide is a relatively safe drug with minimal adverse effects. Economical compared to other options of fracture healing like bone grafting and second surgery when there is delayed union. It is the only medication so far that may help to restore failing bone microstructure. The effects of other combinations are currently unknown. Teriparatide administration helps in early callus formation, bony bridging, reduction of fracture gap and complete bone union in elderly osteopenic, osteoporotic and non-osteoporotic patients.