Due to the diversity in backgrounds of researchers, the research to how students learn statistics have been investigated from various perspectives, and this study is no exception. The main purpose of the present research paper is to compare the Malay and Arab students’ attitude towards learning statistics and their learning styles in understanding statistics. A survey questionnaire and face-to-face interview techniques were used to elicit information from 150 students based on cohort. They were asked about how they learn to solve statistical problems based on Kolb’s four learning cycles: Feeling, Reflective Observation, Thinking and Doing. Attitude responses were numerically recorded based on a five-point Likert scale, while preference for learning styles were recorded as 1 (Do and Feel) or 0 (Watch and Think). Both attitude and learning style data were combined and subjected to Rasch analysis. Results shows that a majority of the Arab and Malay students have moderate to high positive attitude towards learning statistics. Generally, students from both cultures are classified as the “Accommodating” type with preference for doing and feeling from the experience of doing statistical problems. Arab students are classified as the “Assimilating” type with preference for thinking, reflecting and learning from observation, while Malay students are classified as the “Converging” type with preference for thinking and doing statistical exercises.

The subsurface drip irrigation technique is introduced in many agricultural areas of Morocco, particularly in the forage production systems. This study aims to determine the optimal sowing pattern of forage corn (Zea mays L.) equipped with a subsurface drip irrigation system. Such investigation will evaluate the effect of the sowing structure on the forage quality and the uses efficiencies of radiation and irrigation water. A field experiment was carried out on sandy soil (86% sand). Five rows spacing were evaluated: 40 cm, 55 cm, 70 cm, 85 cm, and 100 cm. The sowing rate was around 120000 plants/ha. The subsurface irrigation system consisted of drip lines buried at 30 cm and separated by 100 cm with 1 litre/h emitters and 50 cm as emitters spacing. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with 5 replications. The results revealed that the fraction of photosynthetically active radiation (PARi) and the accumulated PARi were not influenced by the sowing pattern. The highest corn dry biomass was recorded at 40 cm, 70 cm, and 85 cm row spacing. The biomass increase was mainly attributed to grain yield, particularly the kernels’ dry weight. The lowest irrigation water use efficiency was recorded at 100 cm row spacing (4.3 kg/m3). Concerning the forage quality, the sowing pattern did not influence the net energy for lactation (6.6 MJ/kg/DM), the content of cellulose and starch, the mineral matter, the neutral detergent fiber (NDF), the acid detergent fiber (ADF), and the acid detergent lignin (ADL).

The aim of this study was to evaluate of attitudes and practices of operating room nurses toward COVID-19 in Turkey. The study had a descriptive design. The study sample included 210 operating room nurses working in 123 different hospitals. The rate of the operating room nurses infected with COVID-19 disease was 12.4%. Ninety-one percent of the nurses considered that insufficient precautions were taken against the COVID-19 pandemic in the operating rooms. Forty-four-point-three percent of the nurses wore an N95 respirator for the mean duration of 8.6+4.7 hours during surgery, 45.2% reused their masks. The most frequent precaution was disinfection of the containers for infected material using agents containing active chloride 5.000 mg/L for 30 minutes at the rate of 95.2%. Eighty-one percent of operating room nurses were fearful of contracting COVID-19 infection, and 96.2% were fearful of transmitting the disease to their families.The study found that most nurses considered that insufficient precautions were taken against the COVID-19 pandemic in the operating rooms. In addition, one-third of operating room nurses stated that they had difficulty adapting during the process in COVID-19. Hospital administrations should provide education at regular intervals for operating room nurses and prepare workflow algorithms to facilitate their compliance.

Cultivators are always curious about the factors affecting yield in plant production. Determining these factors can give information about the yield in the future. Reliability of information is dependent on a good prediction model. According to the operating process artificial neural networks imitate the neural network in humans. The ability to make predictions for the current situation by combining the information people have gained from different experiences is designed in artificial neural networks. Therefore, in complex problems, it gives better results than artificial neural networks.\nIn this study, we used an artificial neural network method, in order to modelize the production of cotton. From a comprehensive datum collection spanning 73 farms in Diyarbakır, Turkey, the mean cotton production was prevised at 559.19 kg da-1. There is four factors that picked as pivotal input into this model. As a result, the ultimate ANN model is able to forshow cotton production, which is built on elements like: farm states (cotton area and irrigation periodicity), machinery usage and fertilizer consumption.

Maui Gas field is one of the most important gas/condensate fields in the Southern Taranaki Basin (STB). Maui Gas Field includes an area of about 150 square kilometres and represents one of the largest hydrocarbon accumulations in the New Zealand peninsula with average total production rate of ~3600 bcf of gas and 190 mmbbl oil / condensate[1-2]. The petrophysical parameters of Mangahewa and Farewell reservoirs in the studied field were evaluated by using log data of 6 wells in which 6 wells were targeted for Mangahewa and 3 wells for Farewell Formation. In the present study, the log data were analysed in conjunction with petrophysical distribution of the depositional facies for both the reservoirs by employing stochastic simulation (Sequential Gaussian Simulation) with object based geomodeling. Mangahewa Formation was interpreted to have porosity range (12-19%) with higher intergranular permeability (~100-500mD) whereas Farewell Formation contained slightly higher porosity within the range of 11-20% with lower permeability ranging from ~40-90mD.

This review evaluates the role of vitamins in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). A person suffering from T2DM has low levels of antioxidant vitamins A, C, and E in the body because there is impairment in glucose metabolism, causing increased requirement of these vitamins to control the excessive oxidative stress. The retinol-binding protein has adipokine functions and exerts modulating effects in the body. The B group vitamins, pyridoxine, thiamin, and biotin, are also reduced in these subjects, but the mechanism is not clear. However, supplementation with these vitamins has been shown to improve metabolic control in diabetic patients. Prolonged use of metformin(first-choice drug in uncomplicated diabetes) decreases the absorption of vitamin B12 and folic acid; thus, there is a greater risk of deficiency of these two nutrients in diabetes, and supplementation may be beneficial. Vitamin D is a risk factor for the development of diabetes and its complications, particularly cardiovascular diseases. Vitamin K may also influence glucose metabolism, but further research is needed in this regard. There is no conclusive evidence regarding the use of multivitamin supplements in T2DM based on which any recommendation can be made, but the patients using metformin for prolonged periods may require vitamin B12 and folic acid supplementation.

Over the years, with advancements in medical science and technology, the treatment of coronary artery disease has also been updated. The use of balloon catheters and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), drug-eluting stents (DESs), and bare-metal stents (BMSs) are all improved. Previously, catheter balloons were supported by target-lesion restenosis or severe vessel occlusion, now bare-metal stents have shared the burden by assisting in holding up the vessel structure. But, at the same time, BMSs are prone to high rates of in-stent re-stenosis which can lead to re-narrowing of vessel diameter by neo-intimal hyperplasia and remolding of the vessel. However, this issue was handled by DESs of the first generation which succeeded in reducing the re-stenosis ratio to 5%, but it has a drawback of delayed arterial healing with chances of inflammatory cells causing late in-stent thrombosis. Later on, new generation DESs were developed, which had innovative designs, surface polymers, anti-proliferative drugs, metal composition, and reduced chances of thrombosis and better positive revascularization outcomes. The new advancement technologies include bioresorbable stents which have revolutionized the future of revascularization. These stents degrade on their own when their function has expired, into inert particles, thus it has significantly reduced the danger of restenosis and stent thrombosis. Here, bleeding complications are also handled properly by DESs which encapsulate dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) which positive outcomes. For appropriate care and management of patients undergoing PCI, DESs and a DAPT is a good option for them if there are chances of developing bleeding complications.

In the recent century, the ratio of advanced maternal age women is rapidly increasing, especially \nin developed countries. Following this ratio, the need for comorbidities like diabetes, cholesterol,\nand hypertension, and fertility therapies are becoming common and the reason behind negative \nfetal and maternal outcomes. This review paper is based upon a detailed study of how advanced \nmaternal age has negative consequences.

Migraines comprise a group of neurological symptoms that typically include severe, reoccurring, and throbbing pain on at least one side of the head. Individuals who suffer from migraine often experience disruptions in their work, family, social activities, and overall quality of life. The main objective of this review study is to analyse the depression in Patients with migraine. This review analysis was conducted in Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur during 2019. The data was collected from Google scholar, PubMed and Web of science. All the data were gathered for the clinical presentation of CST. All the data were collected and analysed. Consistent with previous population-based research from Canada and abroad, this study shows that migraine is associated with current depression and lifetime suicidal ideation among members of the general community, even when accounting for sociodemographic factors and disability status. It is concluded that early diagnosis of migraine depends on the careful speculation of an experienced and oriented clinician

Background and Objective: The stomach’s acidic environment is the growth site for Helicobacter Pylori, a pathogenic Gram-negative bacterium with rod shape. The aim of this study is determination of the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in the children having recurrent abdominal pain. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out during 2018 in the Bahawal Victoria Hospital Bahawalpur. The sample was consisted of 200 participants among them the proportion of Helicobacter was 8% in patients with Recurrent Abdominal Pain. Results: The mean age of the patientswas 12.43 ± 1.23 years. Mostly the age of the sample group was between 8 to16 years. The 4.23 ± 0.47 months was the mean timeperiod of abdominal pain. Helicobacter pylori was found in 47% of patients. Conclusion: In paediatric population, Helicobacter pylori is very common with Recurrent Abdominal Pain. It is a severeproblem in children and further study is recommended to explore the risk elementassociated with this increasetrouble of Helicobacter Pylori.

Interneurons play a vital role in the wiring and circuitry of the developing nervous system of all organisms, both invertebrates and vertebrates alike. Generally speaking, an interneuron is a specialized type of neuron whose primary role is to form a connection between other types of neurons. The basic aim of the study is identification of genes regulating GABAergic cortical interneuron maturation. Fast GABAergic responses are mediated by GABAA receptors, chloride-permeable pentameric channels composed of an assembly of subunits from eight classes of subunits (α1–6, β1–3, γ1–3, δ, ε, θ, π, and ρ1–3). Although receptor composition differs across neuronal subtypes, subunits most often assemble with a 2α:2β:γ stoichiometry. It is estimated that there are over 20 different subtypes of GABAergic interneurons in the cortex, and subtypes are also distinguished from one another based upon the calcium-binding proteins they express, which serve as markers. It is concluded that there is an extensively studied transcriptional network that plays a role in regulating proper development and specification of MGE-derived GABAergic cortical interneurons.

Background and objectives: The main objective of the study is to analyze the Urinary Tract Infection and metabolic diseases in Stone Patients among local population of Pakistan. Material and methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at Mayo Hospital, Lahore during June 2019 to June 2020. The definite history of the multitude of patients were accumulated and 24 hour pee test was gathered from every patient and sent for PH, explicit gravity, Creatinine, uric corrosive, calcium, phosphate, oxalate, citrate and magnesium. 24 hour pee tests were gathered in plastic boxes, which don\'t respond artificially by standard techniques, and were put away at 2-8ºC. Likewise, blood test of every patient was additionally sent for serum levels of urea, creatinine, uric corrosive, phosphate and calcium. Results: The data were collected from 100 patients with the mean age 38 ± 7.75 years. There were 35 male and 65 female patients who were selected this investigation. The primary introducing grievance was amble torment on the influenced side for example in 79.0% patients, trailed by hematuria and consuming micturation. Dominant part of the patients for example 94.0%, were analyzed as having renal stone or ureteric stone. Conclusion: It is concluded that recurrence of metabolic variations from the norm is exceptionally high in patients with urolithiasis and hyperoxaluria, hypercalciuria and hypocitraturia are the main metabolic irregularities saw in these patients. Stone sickness is an expanding and significant general health issue with high recurrence of bladder stone.

Objective: To assess the proportion of adequate surgery in head and neck cancers.\nStudy design: Observational study \nPlace and duration of study: Jinnah Hospital, Lahore during March 2020 to November 2020.\nMethodology: One fifty nine patients of age more than 20-65 years of either sex with confirmed diagnosis of SCC of head and neck were included in the study. Surgery was done upfront in all patients without any preoperative/ induction chemotherapy. Data regarding socio-demographic and histopathology findings were noted. Surgery was labelled as inadequate when number of resected lymph nodes recovered were less than 36 and margins of tumor were <5 mm (inadequate). Data was analyze using SPSS version 25. \nResults: Of 159 patients, average age was estimated as 46.57±9.73 years. Less than 36 lymph nodes were recovered in 84 patients (52.8%) after neck dissection. A total of 64 patients had inadequate margins (40.3%), 77 had adequate margins (48.4%) and 18 had positive margins (11.3%) on histopathological examination. Overall, 56 patients had adequate surgery (35.2%) and 103 had inadequate surgery (64.7%).\nConclusion: More than half of the patients with HNSCC had inadequate surgery. Hence, inadequate surgery can lead to poor loco-regional disease control, increased chances of recurrence and overall poor prognosis.

BACKGROUND: Diabetic neuropathy is debilating condition. It badly effects the quality of life. Various drugs are being prescribed according to clinician experience and availability. No consensus is available on definite treatment of diabetic neuropathy METHODOLOGY: This randomized control trial was carried out in Allama Iqbal teaching hospital, Sialkot. 134 patients were enrolled using non probability random sampling technique and divided in to two groups of 67 patients each. Group A was given pregabalin and Group B was given pregabalin and lacosamide for 6 weeks. Patients were followed after 6 weeks for improvement of VAS score after treatment. RESULTS: In both group mean age, gender and baseline VAS score was comparable. After 6 week of treatment 58% patient in pregabalin group responded to treatment while in lacosamide group 80% patients responded to treatment. CONCLUSION: Treatment with lacosamide and pregabalin combination is superior as compared to pregabalin alone.