Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a significant health issue in many countries around the world. Several studies have reported that vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of developing diabetes mellitus. The present investigation aimed to determine the effect of oral supplementation with vitamin D and calcium on the levels of glucose, glycogen, and insulin in rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ).\nMaterials and Methods: The induction of diabetes in the rats was achieved through intraperitoneal injection of STZ. The diabetic rats were assembled into three groups. The first group (n=6) served as a diabetic control (untreated), the second group (n=10) received oral vitamin D (2000 IU/day) supplementation with calcium (500 mg/kg/day), and the third group (n=9) was treated with insulin. Blood glucose was determined weekly for four weeks. At the end of the experiment, the levels of insulin and vitamin D were measured in the serum of all groups. The glycogen content was measured in the liver tissues of all groups. \nResults: The blood glucose levels were significantly lower in STZ-induced diabetic rats treated with vitamin D and calcium compared to the untreated diabetic rats. Twenty-eight days of treatment with vitamin D combined with calcium improved the glycogen contents in the livers of diabetic rats and increased the serum insulin levels.\nConclusion: Our data shows that vitamin D combined with calcium positively impacted STZ-induced diabetic rats by decreasing the level of blood glucose, enhancing glycogen synthesis, and increasing the insulin level.

Abstract:\nThis focused review is designed to analyze the myocardial injury associated with COVID-19. We aim to gather relevant information conducted in different parts of the world that describes the forementioned relationship.\n\nMethodology: For this study, a total 10 of studies were included. We searched electronic articles, from November 2019 to January 2021, on PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, online Willey library, and Science Direct websites by using keywords related to myocardial infraction and Corona virus.\n\nResults: We observed the severity of myocardial injury in COVID patients and found elevated levels of troponin as a result of myocardial inflammation. Also, we selected studies that compared the myocardial injury events before COVID and during the COVID period. During analysis, we observed that 7-40% of researchers used the same definition of myocardial injury which they analyze with echocardiographic and electrocardiographic imaging. Myocardial injury is also responsible for high complications which may eventually result in an increased mortality rate of patients during hospital admission. Studies reflects a great association between the great amount of cardiac troponin and infectious biomarkers especially with D dimer, and other inflammatory responses including the amount of ferritin, IL-6, C-reactive protein of Covid patients. Among many patients, severe hypoxemia was observed which need mechanical ventilation.\nConclusion: We conclude that the SARS- CoV-2 infection has huge impact on cardiovascular system. We conclude that serum troponin elevations and ventricular dysfunctions are the major reasons for myocardial infarction. Other factors like comorbidities also play a vital role in MI injury. Asymptomatic MI leads to a high mortality rate which needs to be monitored at the initial stage of the disease.

Heat sensitivity and its substantial impacts on morpho-physiological processes of plants are directly or indirectly associated with one another. Therefore, it is vital to determine the potential relationship of various attributes for the 30 days old seedlings of twenty-five cucumber genotypes under heat stress (40�C/32�C day/night), which will assist in determining the competitive ability of these genotypes. On the overall basis of the performance of cucumber genotypes, stomatal conductance had a highly significant positive correlation with the transpiration rate whereas, the temperature of the leaf surface of cucumber showed highly significant negative correlation with chlorophyll contents. The number of leaves revealed a significantly negative correlation with stomatal conductance. Sub-stomatal CO2 had a highly significant negative correlation with stomatal conductance, while the demonstrated a significant positive correlation with the temperature of the leaf surface. It was observed that the number of leaves per plant showed a highly significant positive correlation with sub-stomatal CO2. The temperature of the leaf surface revealed a significant positive correlation with sub-stomatal CO2. Water use efficiency of cucumber genotypes apprehended greater correlation with the photosynthetic rate. Mass of fresh seedlings indicated a strong negative correlation with the temperature of the leaf surface. Thus findings of this correlation study could help in explaining the ecological constraints and deriving their solution in relation to morphology and physiology and ultimate gain of financial advantages under heat stress in the cucumber plants.

ABSTRACT\nPURPOSE: Modern day advances in chronotherapy yields that medication timing has great importance. The aim of this study is to investigate the community pharmacist’s awareness, attitudes and usage of chronotherapy principles in their daily practice. \nMETHODS: A cross sectional survey was carried out with community pharmacists (n = 55) in Northern Cyprus. Modified questionnaire was based on the survey used by Gagandeep Kaur for the last year pharmacy students at 2016 [36]. Out of 64 filled surveys, 9 were excluded due to some missing data. Redesigned survey consists of 27 items which explore the respondents’ demographics, knowledge and attitudes towards chronotherapy.\nRESULTS: It was determined that the total awareness score was higher in the 26-30 age group and those with a master\'s level. The future direction scores tend to increase as the total attitude scores increase. It is observed that there is a moderate positive correlation between total attitude scores and future direction scores (p <0.05). Cronbach Alpha calculated to understand the reliability of all three scale scores was found to be 0.632. \nCONCLUSION: The knowledge, awareness and attitude of the pharmacists about chronotherapeutic drug applications were evaluated and it was concluded with the opinion that the knowledge and awareness of the pharmacists were sufficient but open to development at some of their points, and generally positive at the points of attitude and future.

It is a common fact that the phenomenon of corporate social responsibility (CSR), is gradually taking ground in developing countries. Stakeholders are now coming up to the fact that there is need for system and environmental compensation as case demands especially of oil companies and construction companies. Many developing countries are passing through political, social, economic and cultural transformation, considering the agitation for companies and orientation to give back to the economy and society. However, there is dearth of context-driven research about CSR executed by construction companies and organization while social, political and economic context makes Nigeria a good setting. To this end samples were taken of the company operating in Nigeria considering the centres with high concentration of construction companies to explore their CSR initiatives with a view to developing benchmarked parameters that could guide in effective configuration and management of CSR among organizations. Ninety-six (96) samples of respondents was used for the survey while the relevant parameters were explored. The study therefore proposed a regression-based model. Regression method was used to fine-tune selected parameters and reduced to sizeable number using Factor analysis of categorical regression analysis. Factors with Eigen value between 0 and 1 were used in developing a Hedonic model that captured the parameters. The model proposed could assist in the practice of CSR configuration and administration by construction companies and other firms and organization.